快播伦理片 20000单词 四、词根 -ver，-vers，-vert，-vol，-var
发布日期：2024-09-07 03:50 点击次数：104
converse [kənˈvə:s] adj. 违反的快播伦理片，逆向的；异常的； v. 交谈 11755
助记：
con (加强口吻) +vers (转，回转) +e→回转→违反的，逆向的
conversely [ˈkɒnvɜ:slɪ; kənˈvɜ:slɪ] adv. 违暗自 8223
conversation [kɒnvəˈseɪʃ(ə)n] n. 会话；交谈；酬酢 1168
conversational [kɒnvəˈseɪʃ(ə)n(ə)l] adj. 对话的；健谈的 13936
controversy [ˈkɔntrəˌvə:si] n. 争端，争议 2898
助记：
contro (=contra：违反) +vers (转) +y→转向违反面→ (激励) 争端，争论
搭配：
lead to controversy (考)：导致争端/争议
controversial [ˌkɔntrəˈvə:ʃəl] adj. 有争议的 3115
例句：
In the United States, the need to protect plant and animal species has become a highly controversial and sharply political issue since the passage of the Endangered Species Act in 1973.
在好意思国，自从濒危物种法案在1973年通过以来，保护动物和植物的需要就成了一个有高度争议的和蛮横的政事问题。
仿写例句：快播伦理片
大学名次可不成靠一直皆是一个有高度争议的话题。
Whether college ranking is reliable or not is a highly controversial issue.
divert [daiˈvə:t] v. 迁徙；转向 5750
助记：
dis (不同) +vert (转，迁徙) →转向不同 (场所) →迁徙，转向
搭配：
divert attention (考)：迁徙防卫力
考题：
Subway said that it worked hard to the impact of litter on communities, but it was “still down to the individual customer to dispose of their litter responsibly”.
A．suspend B．degrade C．minimize D．divert
分解：
原文翻译“Subway说它照旧起劲去使垃圾对社区的影响最小化，但仍然取决于每一位顾主去负使命地搞定垃圾”，故选C；A：中止，拆除；B：左迁；D：迁徙
diversion [daɪˈvɜ:ʃ(ə)n; dɪ-] n. 迁徙；消遣；散播防卫力 7651
diverse [daɪˈvɜ:s; ˈdaɪvɜ:s] adj. 不同的；变化多的；多种各种的 2837
助记：
di (=dis：不同) +vers (转) →不错转向不同 (情况的) →变化多的，多种各种的，不同的
搭配：
diverse coalition (考)：各种化定约diverse courses (考)：各种的课程diverse market segments (考)：不同的细分阛阓
diversify [daɪˈvɜ:sɪˌfaɪ] vt. 使各种化，使变化；加多家具种类以扩大 8719
助记：
divers (各种的，不同的) +ify (动词后缀，一般可翻译成“使”) →使各种化，使不同
搭配：
diversify energy supply (考)：使动力供应各种化
diversified [daɪˈvɜ:sɪfaɪd] adj. 各种化的；各种的 15602
diversification [daɪˌvɜ:sɪfɪˈkeɪʃən] n. 各种化；变化 13880
diversity [daɪˈvɜ:sɪtɪ; dɪ-] n. 各种性；各别 2553
搭配：
diversity of religious belief (考)：宗教信仰的各种化
例句：
But schools rarely dig down to find out what really makes an applicant succeed, to create a class which also contains diversity of attitude and approach—arguably the only diversity that, in a business context, really matters.
学校竟然从不去探究确凿让又名恳求者得胜的原因，去创造一种包含各种秉性长入要津的课堂——不错说，在买卖布景下，这是独一紧迫的各种化。
仿写例句：
学校竟然从不去探究确凿让又名学生得胜的原因，去创造一种包含各种秉性长入要津的课堂——不错说，在买卖布景下，这是独一紧迫的东西。
But schools rarely dig down to find out what really makes a student succeed, to create a class which also contains diversity of attitude and approach—arguably the only thing that, in a business context, really matters.
diverge [daɪˈvɜ:dʒ; dɪ-] vi. 分辩；分叉；偏离；离题 14341
助记：
dis (=apart分开，不同场所) +verg (=-vert转) +e (后缀) →转向另一个场所去了→偏离，偏题；分叉
divergence [daɪˈvɜ:dʒ(ə)ns] n. 分辩；离题；分叉 15140
divergent [daɪˈvɜ:dʒ(ə)nt; dɪ-] adj. 相异的，分辩的；散开的 11455
version [ˈvə:ʃən] n. 译本，版块 1133
助记：
ver (转) +ion (名词后缀) → (用另外一种言语) 转译出来的东西→版块，译本
搭配：
printed versions (考)：印刷版块
考题：
It’s not that I had any particular expertise in immigration policy, but I understood something about green cards, because I had one (the American ______.)
A．heritage B．revision C．notion D．version
分解：
把柄题意，我有一张好意思国绿卡，选项D．version“版块”与前边的American搭配使用正合题意。选项A．heritage意为“遗产，传统”，选项B．revision酷好是“修改，改造版，温习”，选项C．notion意为“主张，看法，意图”，此三项与题意不符。
translate [ˈtrænsˈleit] v. 翻译，鼎新为 2753
搭配：
translate A into B (考)：把A 鼎新成/翻译成 B
（写稿，阅读）重心：
“鼎新成”的抒发神气：translate/turn/transform/change/convert into
例句：
Whether all that attention has translated into sufficient action is another question.
是否这些护士照旧鼎新成了弥散的行为又是另外一个问题。
仿写例句：
是否一个好的名字能鼎新成东谈主生的得胜是一个未知问题。
Whether a good name will translate/ turn/ transform/ change/convertinto the success in life is still unknown.
translation [trænsˈleɪʃ(ə)n; trɑ:ns-; -nz-] n. 翻译；译文；转机；调任 4335
translator [trænsˈleɪtə; trɑ:ns-; -nz-] n. 译者；翻译器 6888
universe [ˈju:nɪvɜ:s] n. 天地；寰宇；界限 2138
助记：
uni (=one：一) +vers (转) +e→一个不断在转的东西→天地
搭配：
astronomical universe (考)：天文体界限
universal [ju:nɪˈvɜ:s(ə)l] adj. 通用的；天地的；宽绰的；全寰宇的 2665
universality [ˌju:nɪvɜ:ˈsælətɪ] n. 宽绰性；一般性；庸碌性；多方面性 17038
universally [ju:nɪˈvɜ:səlɪ] adv. 普随地；到处；东谈主东谈主 9140
university [ju:nɪˈvɜ:sɪtɪ] n. 大学；详细性大学；大学校舍 1229
vary [ˈveərɪ] vi. 变化；违反；[生]变异 2391
助记：
var (=ver：转，鼎新) +y →鼎新，更正；不同
varying [ˈvɛəriŋ] adj. 变化的；不同的 5952
variable [ˈveərɪəb(ə)l] adj. 易变的，多变的；可变的；[生]变异的，畸变的1876
invariably [ɪnˈveərɪəblɪ] adv. 不变地；老是；一定地 7219
例句：
Almost invariably, the better looking the person in the picture, the higher the person is rated.
竟然不变地是，相片里的东谈主越面子，他的评价也就越高。
variation [veərɪˈeɪʃ(ə)n] n. 变异，变种；变化 2950
搭配：
genetic variation (考)：基因变异
various [ˈveərɪəs] adj. 各种各样的；多方面的 862
variously [ˈvɛrɪəsli] adv. 不同地；多方面地；个别地；多彩地 13479
variability [ˌveərɪəˈbɪlətɪ] n. 可变性，变化性；变异性 8581
variance [ˈveərɪəns] n. 变异；变化；不一致；分辩；[数]方差 5092
variant [ˈveərɪənt] adj. 不同的；各种的 n. 变体；变种 9062
varied [ˈveərɪd] adj. 多变的；杂色的；各种各样的；形形色色的 6481
variety [vəˈraɪətɪ] n. 种类；各种；杂耍 1175
variegated [ˈveərɪgeɪtɪd; ˈveərɪə-] adj. 斑驳的；杂色的；富于变化的 19773
助记：
vari (更正) +eg (=ag：作念) +ated (描述词后缀) →作念出外形上 (尤其指激情上) 的更正→色调斑驳的；形形色色的；富于变化的
convert [kənˈvɜ:t] vt. 使鼎新；调理；使……更正信仰 2918
助记：
con (加强口吻) +vert (转) →鼎新，转机
搭配：
convert A into B (考)：把A鼎新成B
例句：
They fail to convert knowledge into money.他们没能把学问鼎新成钱。
conversion [kənˈvɜ:ʃ(ə)n] n. 调理；变换；更正信仰；兑换 4717
converted [kənˈvɜ:tɪd] adj. 修改的；更正信仰的 14662
converter [kənˈvɜ:tə] n. 变流器，整流器；转机器 15893
convertible [kənˈvɜ:tɪb(ə)l] adj. 可更正的；同酷好酷好的；可交换的 n. 敞篷车10610
converge [kənˈvɜ:dʒ] vi. 蚁集于少量；团员 8337
助记：
con (共同，整个) +verg (转) +e (后缀) →转到整个→汇聚，团员
convergence [kənˈvɜ:dʒəns] n. 汇聚，集中 10253
divorce [dɪˈvɔ:s] vt. 使离异，使分离；与……离异 3003
助记：
di (两个) +vorc (=vers：转) +e (后缀) →转向两个场所→离异 (即“佳耦两边走向两个不同的场所”)
搭配：
divorce rate (考)：离异率
divorced [dɪˈvɔrst] adj. 离异的 8244
reverse [rɪˈvɜ:s] n. 背面；违反；倒退；失败 vt. 异常；倒转 adj. 反面的；异常的 3529
助记：
re (违反) +verse (转) →回转，异常 (v.) 违反 (n.)
例句：
Google has reversed this – it has simply copied all these works without bothering to ask.
谷歌照旧颠覆了这个作念法——没问一句就复制了统统这些作品。
仿写例句：
电子书的出现照旧颠覆了东谈主们传统的阅读神气。
The emergence/appearance of E-books has reversed traditional/conventional way of reading.
reversal [rɪˈvɜ:s(ə)l] n. 回转；逆转；（变装）交换；失败 7347
reversible [rɪˈvɜ:sɪb(ə)l] adj. 可逆的；可撤消的；可回转的 17922
revert [rɪˈvɜ:t] vi. 收复（到以前的状况）；重提；返祖遗传；璧还 10316
助记：
re (复返) +vert (转) →转回到以前 (的状况) →收复；回复；重提
adverse [ˈædvɜ:s] adj. 不利的；违反的；厌烦的 6396
助记：
ad (=to：去) +vers (转，回转) +e→回转 (态度等) →违反的，厌烦的，不利的
搭配：
adverse reactions (考)：不利的通告adverse effect (考)：不利的影响
adversely [ədˈvɜ:slɪ] adv. 逆地；反对地；不利地 12961
adversarial [ˌædvəˈseərɪəl] adj. 对立的；厌烦的 15682
adversary [ˈædvəs(ə)rɪ] n. 敌手；敌手 7378
adversity [ədˈvɜ:sɪtɪ] n. 困境；不幸；祸害；灾难 11635
versus [ˈvɜ:səs] prep. 对；与……相对；对抗 3187
助记：
vers (回转) +us (后缀) →回转态度，调转锋芒→对抗，相对
verse [vɜ:s] n. 诗，诗篇；骈文；诗节 5516
词源：
Late Old English (replacing Old English fers, an early West Germanic borrowing directly from Latin), “line or section of a psalm or canticle,” later “line of poetry”(late 14c.), from Anglo-French and Old French vers “line of verse; rhyme, song,” from Latin versus “a line, row, line of verse, line of writing,” from PIE root *wer- (2) “to turn, bend.” The metaphor is of plowing, of “turning” from one line to another (vertere = “to turn”) as a plowman does.
prose [prəʊz] n. 散文；口语文；单调 7588
词源：
c. 1300, “story, narration,” from Old French prose (13c.), from Latin prosa oratio “straightforward or direct speech”(without the ornaments of verse), from prosa, fem. of prosus, earlier prorsus “straightforward, direct,” from Old Latin provorsus “(moving) straight ahead,” from pro “forward”(from PIE root *per- (1) “forward”)+vorsus “turned,” past participle of vertere “to turn”(from PIE root *wer- (2) “to turn, bend”).
versatile [ˈvɜ:sətaɪl] adj. 多艺多才的；通用的，全能的；多面手的 8910
助记：
vers (转) +atile (=ate+ile：复合描述词后缀，ile表“不错，容易”) →不错转向多个界限的→多艺多才的
搭配：
a very versatile person (考)：一个多艺多才的东谈主
versatility [ˌvɜ:səˈtɪləti:] n. 多艺多才；用途庸碌；多功能性 12703
involve [ɪnˈvɒlv] vt. 包含；连累；使陷于；潜心于 657
助记：
in (向内) +volv (=vol=ver=roll：转，卷；) +e→转/卷向内→卷入，包含
写稿例句：
一个盲目考据的趋势以一种前所未有的力量席卷了整个社会，好多东谈主皆包含到了其中。
A new trend of getting certificate blindly has swept the society with unsurpassed might, and many people get themselves involved in it.
考题：
One student took the lead in dealing with a difficult landlord and so _____ negotiation skills.
A．demonstrated B．determined C．operated D．involved
分解：
原文翻译“一个学生带头纰漏一个难缠的房主，因而展示了谈判妙技”，故选A；B：决定；C：操作；D：卷入
involved [ɪnˈvɒlvd] adj. 卷入的；磋磨的；复杂的 1178
involvement [ɪnˈvɒlvm(ə)nt] n. 连累；絮叨；包含；财政贫瘠 2331
revolve [rɪˈvɒlv] vi. 旋转；轮回出现；反复筹商 7521
助记：
re (反复) +volv (=ver=roll：转) +e→旋转，动弹
例句：
Copernicus established that the Earth revolves around the sun.
哥白尼阐发地球围绕太阳旋转。
revolution [revəˈlu:ʃ(ə)n] n. 翻新；旋转；启动；轮回 2781
助记：
revolu (=revolve：旋转，回转) +t (无酷好酷好) +ion (名词后缀) →旋转，翻新 (所谓翻新，便是“回转，颠覆”现时政权)
搭配：
industrial revolution (考)：工业翻新
revolutionary [revəˈlu:ʃ(ə)n(ə)rɪ] adj. 翻新的；旋转的；大变革的 4054
revolutionize [ˈrɛvəˈlʊʃəˈnaɪz] v. 使发生雄壮变革；给……带来翻新性巨变11331
revolver [rɪˈvɒlvə] n. 左轮手枪；旋转器 11305
revolving [rɪˈvɒlvɪŋ] adj. 旋转的 12868
revolt [rɪˈvəʊlt] vi. 抗击；反叛；终止苦守 9161
evolve [ɪˈvɒlv] vt. 发展，进化；进化；使逐渐造成；预计出 2845
助记：
e (=ex向外，出来) +volve (转) → (新物种) 转出来→进化，发展
evolution [ˌi:vəˈlu:ʃ(ə)n; ˈev-] n. 推崇；演变；进化论 2969
搭配：
evolution of the human species (考)：东谈主类的进化
evolutionary [ˌi:vəˈlu:ʃənərɪ] adj. 进化的；发展的；渐进的 5471
例句：
However, whether such a sense of fairness evolved independently in capuchins and humans, or whether it stems from the common ancestor that the species had 35 million years ago, is, as yet, an unanswered question.
然则，是否这样的一种自制感是在卷尾猴和东谈主类中孤立进化的，大致是否它开始于这些物种在3500万年前共有的祖宗，仍然如故一个未知问题。
阅读难点：
sense of fairness：自制感
stem from：源于
仿写例句：
然则，这样的一种步履是源于对畴昔的充分准备如故仅仅盲想法随大溜，仍然如故一个未知问题。
However, whether such a behavior roots in making adequate preparation for the future or it just stems from drifting with the stream, is, as yet, an unanswered question.
evolved [ɪˈvɒlvd] adj. 进化了的 19437
evolving [ɪˈvɒlvɪŋ] adj. 张开的；进化的 13711
shift [ʃɪft] n. 轮班 vt. 移动；变化 1690
搭配：
shift work (考)：轮班，倒班shift the gaze away (考)：迁徙视野，迁徙防卫力
例句：
On the other hand, oil importing emerging economies—to which heavy industry has shifted—have become more energy-intensive, and so could be more seriously squeezed.
另一方面，重工业迁徙到的石油入口新兴国度照旧变得越来越动力蚁集，因此可能被严重挤压。
写稿例句：
每当提到酒后驾车，东谈主们总会很当然地把使命迁徙到那些联系的个东谈主身上，很少有东谈主会预料其实政府也有监管不力的使命。
When it comes to drunk driving, people will naturally shift the blame to the the person concerned, and relatively few may ever think of the inadequate supervision of the government.
shifter [ˈʃɪftɚ] n. 移动装配；搬移东西者 18274
shifting [ˈʃɪftɪŋ] adj. 不时移动的；流动的 n. 恶毒；移位 7507
switch [swɪtʃ] vt. 调理；用鞭子等抽打 vi. 调理；抽打 n. 开关；调理 2626
助记：
swi (=swing扭捏；转；更正) +tch (无酷好酷好) →调理，鼎新；开关 (即“开”和“关”之间的扭捏，鼎新)
搭配：
switch to (考)：转向，鼎新成switch their phones off (考)：关闭他们的手机
例句：
If railroads charged all customers the same average rate, they argue, shippers who have the option of switching to trucks or other forms of transportation would do so, leaving remaining customers to shoulder the cost of keeping up the line.
他们以为，要是铁路向统统的顾主要价疏通，那么有聘用转向卡车大致其他交通输送的托运东谈主就会这样作念，留给剩余的顾主去肩负保管铁路运营的资本。
阅读难点：
charge：提取
rate：价钱，用度
keep up the line：保持，保管运营通晓
仿写例句：
我以为，要是正版家具向顾主要价太高，那么有聘用权的顾主就会转而购买盗版家具，留给那些经济敷裕的东谈主去包袱购买正版家具的花销。
If authentic products charge customers too much, I argue, consumers who have the option of switching to pirated products will do so, leaving those well-off customers to shoulder the cost of purchasing authentic ones.
考题：
The Pentagon built the network for military contractors and universities doing military research to ____ information.
A．exchange B．bypass C．switch D．interact
分解：
原文翻译“五角大楼为军事承包商和作念军事商议的大学开辟了该收集去交流信息”，故选A，exchange information：交流信息；B：绕开；C：调理；D：相互作用，相互影响
distort [dɪˈstɔ:t] vt. 误会；曲解；使失真 6724
助记：
dis (=de：表澈底) +tort (=twist：误会，弯曲) →歪曲，曲解
distortion [dɪˈstɔ:ʃ(ə)n] n. 变形；误会；曲解；失真 7640
例句：
We must express our views clearly to prevent media distortion and public confusion.
咱们必须了了地抒发咱们的不雅点，以防媒体误会，公众浑浊。
distorted [dɪˈstɔ:tɪd] adj. 歪曲的；受到曲解的 11064
twist [twɪst] vt. 捻；拧；扭伤；误会；使喧阗 n. 新奇的手法；转机；拐点3795
助记：
twis (=two：两个) +→把两个转到整个→拧，扭，误会；折磨 (即：被东谈主“扭，拧”) ；转机
搭配：
with one twist (考)：用一个新奇的手法 (神气) twists and turns (考)：转弯磨角twisted ankle (考)：扭伤的脚踝
例句：
1. For the next three months, Michelle Kremer and 11 other Obama supporters, ages 19 to 34, will blog about life across mainstream America, with one twist: by tying all of their ideas and experiences to the new president and his administration.接下来的三个月，Michelle Kremer和其他11位奥巴马的扶持者——他们的年岁介于19到34岁之间——将会用一种新的神气用博客记载好意思国主流社会的生计：将他们的统统不雅点和履历与这位新总统偏执政权相蚁集。
2. That could turn out to be the cruelest of all the twists to the Obama effect.那可能会是关于奥巴马效应统统转机点中最悍戾的一个。
twisted [ˈtwɪstɪd] adj. 误会的 8173
tumble [ˈtʌmb(ə)l] vi. 倒塌；滚动；跌倒；打滚；仓惶地行为 5548
助记：
tum (=turn：翻转，滚翻) +ble (后缀) →跌倒，跌倒，滚翻 (“跌倒，跌倒”时的手脚就很像“翻转”)
搭配：
tumble over (考)：翻转，打筋斗
tumbler [ˈtʌmblə] n. 杂技演员；翻筋斗者；一杯的容量；不倒翁（玩物）17939
tumbling [ˈtʌmblɪŋ] n. 翻筋斗；摔跤 18831
anniversary [ænɪˈvɜ:s(ə)rɪ] n. 周年牵记日 3403
助记：
anni (=year：年) +vers (转) +ary (名词后缀) →每年转到那一天→周年牵记日
weird [wɪəd] adj. 歪邪的；不成念念议的；超当然的 3731
词源：
c. 1400, having power to control fate, from wierd (n.), from Old English wyrd “fate, chance, fortune; destiny; the Fates,” literally “that which comes,” from Proto-Germanic *wurthiz (source also of Old Saxon wurd, Old High German wurt “fate,” Old Norse urðr “fate, one of the three Norns”), from PIE *wert- “to turn, to wind,”(source also of German werden, Old English weorðan “to become”), from root *wer- (2) “to turn, bend.” For sense development from “turning” to “becoming,” compare phrase turn into “become.”
The sense “uncanny, supernatural” developed from Middle English use of weird sisters for the three fates or Norns (in Germanic mythology), the goddesses who controlled human destiny. They were portrayed as odd or frightening in appearance, as in “Macbeth”(and especially in 18th and 19th century productions of it), which led to the adjectival meaning “oddlooking, uncanny”(1815); “odd, strange, disturbingly different”(1820). Related: Weirdly; weirdness.
worm [wɜ:m] n. 虫，蠕虫；蜗杆；螺纹；庸东谈主物 5051
词源：
Old English wurm, variant of wyrm “serpent, snake, dragon, reptile,” also in later Old English “earthworm,” from Proto-Germanic *wurmiz (source also of Old Saxon, Old High German, German wurm, Old Frisian and Dutch worm, Old Norse ormr, Gothic waurms “serpent, worm”), from PIE *wrmi- “worm”(source also of Greek rhomos, Latin vermis “worm,” Old Russian vermie “insects,” Lithuanian varmas “insect, gnat”), from PIE *wrmi- “worm,” from root *wer- (2) “to turn, bend.”
wrap [ræp] vt. 包；笼罩；缠绕；掩护 2107
wrapper [ˈræpə] n. 包装材料；包装纸；书皮 10981
wrapping [ˈræpɪŋ] n. 包装纸，包装材料 14458
wreath [ri:θ] n. 花冠；圈状物 10068
词源：
Old English wriða “fillet, bandage, band”(literally “that which is wound around”), from Proto-Germanic *writh- (source also of Old Norse riða, Danish vride, Old High German ridan “to turn, twist,” Old Saxon, Old Frisian wreth “angry,” Dutch wreed “rough, harsh, cruel,” Old High German reid “twisted,” Old Norse reiða “angry”), from PIE *wreit- “to turn, bend”(source also of Old English wriða “band,” wriðan “to twist, torture,” wraþ “angry”), from root *wer- (2) “to turn, bend.” Meaning “ring or garland of flowers or vines” is first recorded 1560s.
volume [ˈvɒlju:m] n. 体积；卷；册；音量；巨额；量 1931
词源：
Late 14c., “roll of parchment containing writing; a bound book,” from Old French volume “scroll, book; work, volume; girth, size”(13c.) and directly from Latin volumen (genitive voluminis) “roll (of a manuscript); coil, wreath,” literally “that which is rolled,” from volvere “to turn around, roll,” from PIE root *wel- (3) “to turn, revolve.” Meaning “book forming part of a set” is 1520s in English, from that sense in French. Generalized sense of “bulk, mass, quantity”(1620s) developed from that of “bulk or size of a book”(1520s), again following the sense evolution in the French word.
voluminous [vəˈlju:mɪnəs] adj. 多卷的，长篇的；巨额的；著书多的 16136
高难度词汇：inverse [ˈɪnvɜ:s; ɪnˈvɜ:s] n. 倒转；违反的事情 adj. 违反的；成反比的 17286
inversion [ɪnˈvɜ:ʃ(ə)n] n. 异常；倒转；反向 14971
invert [ɪnˈvɜ:t] vt. 使……反向；使……异常；使……回转；使……前后异常16606
助记：
in (=en：使动词) +vert (转，回转) →使回转，使异常
inverted [ɪnˈvɜ:tɪd] adj. 倒转的，反向的 14127
vertebra [ˈvɜ:tɪbrə] n. 脊椎；椎骨；脊柱 14764
词源：
“bone of the spine,” early 15c., from Latin vertebra “joint or articulation of the body, joint of the spine”(plural vertebræ), perhaps from vertere “to turn”(from PIE root *wer- (2) “to turn, bend”)+instrumental suffix -bra. The notion would be the spine as the “hinge” of the body.
vertebrate [ˈvɜ:tɪˌbreɪt] adj. 有脊椎的；脊椎动物的 18919
invertebrate [ɪnˈvɜ:tɪbrət] adj. 无脊椎的；无气节的 18918
avert [əˈvɜ:t] vt. 幸免，留神；迁徙（眼神） 7692
助记：
a (=away：鉴别) +vert (转) →转了鉴别 (某事) →幸免，留神；迁徙(眼神)
aversion [əˈvɜ:ʃ(ə)n] n. 厌恶；厌烦的东谈主 13100
助记：
a (=away：鉴别) +vert (转) →转了鉴别 (某东谈主) →厌恶；厌烦；反感
awry [əˈraɪ] adv. 误会；歪曲；倾斜地；出瑕疵地 15205
助记：
a (=on：上；处于……中) +wry (=-ver：转；扭) →误会地；歪曲地；倾斜地
wry [raɪ] adj. 扭歪的；歪曲的；（话语或著作）朝笑的；讥刺的；揶揄的12656
evert [ɪˈvɜ:t] v. 使(眼皮，肠或体魄其它部位等)外翻 241
extrovert [ˈekstrəvɜ:t] adj. 外向的；辉煌友好的 130
词源：
1916, extravert (spelled with -o- after 1918, by influence of introvert), from German Extravert, from extra “outside”(see extra-)+Latin vertere “to turn”(from PIE root *wer- (2) “to turn, bend”). Used (with introvert) in English by doctors and scientists in various literal senses since 1600s, but popularized in a psychological sense early 20c. by Carl Jung. Related: Extroverted.
introvert [ˈɪntrəvɜ:t] adj. 秉性内向的东谈主；不爱交际的东谈主 195
malversation [ˌmælvɜ:ˈseɪʃən] n.（政府机关等的）衰弱步履；失职；衰落；盗用 3
助记：
mal (=ill=wrong：坏的，不合的) +vers (=turn：鼎新) → (政府机关) 变坏了→衰弱步履；衰落；失职；
pervert [pəˈvɜ:t] vt. 破裂；颠覆；使走样；误导 478
助记：
per (澈底) +vert (回转) → (澈底) 回转；颠覆；破裂；妨碍
搭配：
pervert the course of justice：妨碍法则公正
reverberate [rɪˈvɜ:bəreɪt] vt. 使回响；使反射；使弹回 12949
助记：
re (复返) +verb (转，声息) +erate (复合使动词后缀) →复返来的声息→回响；漂流；(念念想等) 产生关键反响；引起轰动
stalwart [ˈstɔ:lwət; ˈstæl-] adj. 强硬的；至意的 n.（某政党的）至意拥护者18243
助记：
stal (=stand：站，站在……一边) +wart (无含义) →站在……一边→强硬的；至意的；至意拥护者
subvert [səbˈvɜ:t] vt. 推翻；颠覆；破裂 11710
助记：
sub (=under：下) +vert (转) → (让某政权/某事) 转下去→推翻，颠覆
subversion [səbˈvɜ:ʃən] n. 颠覆；破裂 16934
subversive [səbˈvɜ:sɪv] adj. 破裂性的；从事颠覆的 11583
transverse [ˈtrænzvɜ:s] adj. 横的；横向的；横断的；横切的 503
助记：
trans (=across：穿过) +vers (转) +e→转曩昔，穿曩昔→横穿的；横向的
verge [vɜ:dʒ] vi. 面对，接近；处在旯旮 n. 旯旮 6741
搭配：
on the verge of：接近于；面对
vertex [ˈvɜ:teks] n. 最高点；相当；[数]（三角形，圆锥体等与底相对的）顶 163
助记：
vert (转) +ex (名词后缀) → (原指) 转机点，背面扩充为“最高点”(因为转机点一般亦然“最高点”，然后就急转而下)
vertigo [ˈvɜ:tɪgəʊ] n. 昏头昏脑，晕厥 14733
助记：
vert (转) +go (走) →转着走→昏头昏脑；晕厥
vortex [ˈvɔ:teks] n. 涡流；漩涡；旋风；（动乱，争论等的）中心 14893
助记：
vort (转，旋转) +ex (名词后缀)，且vortex发音全体很像water：水→水的旋转→ (产生) 漩涡；(扩充为) 旋风；动乱中心
warp [wɔ:p] vt. (尤指因受热，受潮而)(使)翘曲；(使)变形；误会；迫害；不利于 1321
助记：
war (=ver=turn：变，转) +p→变弯；变形；误会；迫害
搭配：
warp someone’s character：误会某东谈主价值不雅a warp in time or space：误会时空
wrath [rɒθ; rɔ:θ] n. 震怒；激愤 10128
助记：
wra (=turn=twist：转，拧，扭) +th→被扭/拧，被曲解→震怒
wrench [ren(t)ʃ] n. 扳手，扳钳；扭伤；祸殃 v. 猛扭；扭伤 10649
助记：
wren (=turn=twist：拧，扭) +ch→扭伤；祸殃；扳手 (用来扭的东西)
wrest [rest] vt. 使劲拧；洗劫 15584
助记：
wrest (=twist：拧，扭，误会) → (使劲) 拧；洗劫
wrestle [ˈres(ə)l] n. 摔跤；讲和；搏斗 6508
wrestler [ˈreslə] n. 摔跤选手，搏斗者 11605
wrestling [ˈreslɪŋ] n. [体]摔跤；[体]扭斗 7003
wring [rɪŋ] vt. 绞；拧；紧抓；使祸殃；折磨 10753
wriggle [ˈrɪg(ə)l] vi. 扭动；蠕动；盘曲而行 14148
助记：
wrig (=turn：扭，扭动) +le (后缀) →扭动；蠕动
wrist [rɪst] n. 腕关节；手腕 3658
助记：
wris (=turn：转) +t→the turning joint 不错转的关节→腕关节；手腕
wristwatch [ˈrɪs(t)wɒtʃ] n. 腕表；腕表 17940wrinkle [ˈrɪŋkl] n. 皱纹 7969
助记：
美国十次了wrink (wind：弯曲，间接) +le (后缀) →皱纹；褶皱 (本色便是出现了弯曲)
wrinkled [ˈrɪŋkld] adj. 具皱的，有皱纹的 11080
writhe [raɪð] vi.（频频指由于剧痛或不适而）扭动，翻腾 13547
例句：
If you writhe, your body twists and turns violently backwards and forwards, usually because you are in great pain or discomfort.
要是你翻腾，体魄上前向后剧烈扭转或翻转，频频由于你很疼或很不惬意。
circumvolve [ˌsɜ:kəmˈvɒlv] vi. 旋转
convoluted [ˌkɒnvəˈl(j)u:tɪd] adj. 复杂的；笼统的；难解的 19179
助记：
con (整个) +vol (=roll：卷，绕) → (想法/系统) 卷/绕到整个→复杂的；笼统的；难解的
devolve [dɪˈvɒlv] v.（职权，职责等）下放；派遣；雕零 19062
助记：
de (下) +volv (=roll=turn：转，滚) → (职权等) 往下转→下放，派遣；雕零
helicopter [ˈhelɪkɒptə] n. 直升飞机 3126
词源：
1861, from French hélicoptère “device for enabling airplanes to rise perpendicularly,” thus “flying machine propelled by screws.” From Greek helix(genitive helikos) “spiral”(see helix)+pteron “wing”(from PIE root *pet-“to rush, to fly”).
valve [vælv] n. [机]阀；[机]活门；[电子]真空管；[解]瓣膜 6034
词源：
Late 14c., “one of the halves of a folding door,” from Latin valva (plural valvae) “section of a folding or revolving door,” literally “that which turns,” related to volvere “to roll,” from PIE root *wel- (3) “to turn, revolve.” Sense extended 1610s to “membranous fold regulating flow of bodily fluids;” 1650s to “mechanical device that works like an anatomical valve;” and 1660s in zoology to “halves of a hinged shell.” Related: Valved.
vault [vɔ:lt] n. 拱顶；穹窿；地下室；撑竿跳 8600
助记：
vaul (=roll=turn：转，翻转) →一个翻转曩昔的曲线感 (的东西) →撑杆跳；拱顶；穹窿；地下室
wallow [ˈwɒləʊ] vi. 打滚；震憾；千里迷 15516
助记：
wall (=roll=turn：打滚) +ow (名词后缀) →打滚；千里溺
搭配：
wallow in water or mud：在水或泥浆里打滚wallow in an unpleasant situation：千里溺于不蓬勃的境况
willow [ˈwɪləʊ] n. 柳木成品；柳树 10274
词源：
Old English welig “willow,” from Proto-Germanic *we-(source also of Old Saxon wilgia, Middle Dutch wilghe, Dutch wilg), probably from PIE root*wel-(3) “to turn, revolve,” with derivatives referring to curved, enclosing objects. The change in form to -ow(14c.) paralleled that of bellow and fellow. The more typical Germanic word for the tree is represented by withy.
waltz [wɔ:ls] n. 华尔兹舞；华尔兹舞曲 1237
词源：
Round dance performed to music in triple time, extraordinarily popular as a fashionable dance from late 18c. to late 19c., the dance itself probably of Bohemian origin快播伦理片, 1781, from German Waltzer, from walzen “to roll, dance,” from Old High German walzan “to turn, roll,” from ProtoGermanic*walt-(cognate with Old Norse velta), from PIE root *wel- (3) “to turn, revolve.” Described in 1825 as “a riotous and indecent German dance” [Walter Hamilton, “A Hand-Book or Concise Dictionary of Terms Used in the Arts and Sciences”].
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